Alcohol

-- { Booze, Liquor, Spirits, Wine, Beer } --

Alcohol is a widely used and abused substance that slows down the central nervous system. Its effects often sedate the users, leading to a mood lift and anxiety relief, but accompanied with impaired motor function and cognition.

Introduction Effects Dosage Trip Reports Interactions Reagent Testing Harm Reduction Risks The Law References

What is Alcohol?

Alcohol, which refers to ethyl alcohol or ethanol, is the intoxicating ingredient found in beer, wine, and liquor. It is consumed globally in various forms and traditions. Alcohol is a depressant which slows down vital functions and alters a person's perceptions, emotions, movement, vision, and hearing. It is widely accepted socially and even celebrated in many cultures despite the potential risks associated with its use, which can include addiction, health damage, and societal harm. Despite it's widespread acceptance by society, it's important to treat alcohol just like any other drug.

How it Works

Biologically, alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream and affects the central nervous system, slowing down mental and bodily processes. It primarily enhances the effects of the neurotransmitter GABA, causing feelings of relaxation and euphoria. In contrast, it inhibits glutamate, a neurotransmitter associated with excitatory responses. Chronic alcohol use can lead to changes in these neurotransmitter systems and others, impacting brain function and leading to tolerance, dependence, and addiction. Additionally, alcohol can have detrimental effects on various organs, including the liver and heart.

History

The history of alcohol consumption goes back to ancient times, with alcoholic beverages such as beer and wine being an integral part of many societies and cultures. Over centuries, its use evolved from ritualistic and medicinal purposes to recreational. It's only in more recent centuries that the harmful effects of excessive alcohol consumption have been widely recognized, leading to regulations and controls in many jurisdictions, alongside public health efforts to mitigate its harm.